UTF32, referring to "Unicode Transformation Format 32-bit", is a fixed-length encoding scheme that represents each Unicode code point as a 32-bit integer.

How UTF32 works:

• Every character, symbol, or emoji stored in exactly 32 bits
• This is fixed-length encoding: every character takes the same amount of space
• Unlike UTF8 or UTF16, you don’t need special sequences for some characters

• Easy for computers to find and process characters, but wastes memory for simple text (like English letters)

Example:

English text:

'Hello'

• 5 characters × 32 bits each = 160 bits

• Stored as:

H → 32 bits
e → 32 bits
l → 32 bits
l → 32 bits
o → 32 bits

See: Encoding