Int32, short for "32-bit Integer," is a data type commonly used to represent whole numbers within a specific range. The "32-bit" part refers to the integer size in memory, indicating that it occupies 32 bits or 4 bytes of memory space.

In binary representation, 32 bits can hold 2^32 different values, ranging from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. The first bit is reserved for the sign (0 for positive and 1 for negative), while the remaining 31 bits are used to represent the magnitude of the number.

Int32 is a signed integer type, which means it can represent both positive and negative values. The range of an Int32 is symmetric around zero, with half the values reserved for positive numbers and the other half for negative numbers. The value 0 occupies a unique position within this range.

Int32 is commonly used in programming languages like C#, Java, and C++ to store and manipulate integer values falling within its range. It provides a balance between the range of representable numbers and the memory required to store them.

See also: Number conversions